Only a Theory: Evolution and the Battle for America's Soul - Science & Religion Debate Book for Students, Educators & History Buffs - Perfect for Classroom Discussions & Cultural Studies

If you are looking for a book that explains the theory of evolution thoroughly and debunks each and every argument of intelligent design, this is the book you should read. Author and Professor of Biology at Brown, Kenneth Miller writes with passion about science, writes in the vernacular and in a style that is engaging to the reader.He first provides a background of science and how it was so compatible with the independence of the United States. With the old European social order discarded and an American one yet to be defined, Americans felt the freedom to explore and discover the mysteries of science as well as their frontiers. Science provided the basis for achievement based on individual creativity and industry, and Americans provided scientific discovery decade after decade.A competing phenomenon is the faith of Americans that he describes in a Harris poll of 2005 where most believe in evolution when asked if plants and animals evolved. It was all the more striking when people responded negatively to evolution when asked if humans evolved the same way. Sixty-two percent of the respondents disavowed evolution, leaving the United States with the highest percentage of non-believers in the industrialized world with the exception of Turkey. The Harris poll is the kind of reaction Charles Darwin expected when he wrote, "The Origin of the Species," which might explain why human development is not described anywhere in the book. Only at the insistence of a friend did he put those thoughts to publication years later.Professor Miller comes from a long list of distinguished scientists who felt that their work and results spoke for themselves. They refused to get in the political debate over intelligent design, leaving the Discovery Institute to champion I. D. not through observation and evidence in the laboratory but by making a full court press in the legislature and with school boards.The actions of the Kansas school board in 1999 where they introduced intelligent design, and again in 2005 where they attempted to redefine science, plus the trial in Dover, PA. prompted him to write this book and challenge the Discovery Institute and I. D. head on. The Washington based institute created a strategy that came to be known as the wedge document. It was a political strategy for not just competing with the theory of evolution but eventually suppressing it and supplanting it with intelligent design in the classroom. Their proponents used relativism as their tactic. All truth is relative, and is based upon what one believes.This is where Professor Miller's passionate writing goes into overdrive. In clear, non-scientific language he tells the reader about the Cambrian period in which there was an explosion of organisms that evolved in the millions of species that exist today. Vertebrate embryos in fish, frog, chick, and mouse bear a striking resemblance in structure that was uncovered through the science of molecular genetics. Skeletal bones bear a striking resemblance between fish, bird, or human proving Darwin's theory that animals branched out into different species where many withered on the vine of extinction while other branches survived, changing constantly to keep up with an ever-evolving environment. The development of the eye, long a contention of the I. D. faithful, or so-called proof of a designer's complexity showed how the law of optics was driven by natural selection. Kenneth Miller also takes on Martin Behe's contention of "irreducible complexity" just as he did at the trial in PA showing how such organisms could adapt and change with the loss of one or more of their component parts. As designers have advocated, enzymes are highly specific, and cannot adapt or change because of the chemical compounds they process. This was debunked with nylon, whose compounds remain. Bacteria in these ponds of nylonase did exactly that; they evolved and fed off the nylon waste with perfect adaptation. One commentator was kind enough to write me, "I guess we just have to wait around a few million years, eh [for proof of macroevolution]. And meanwhile just accept those are true based on -- faith...." Actually, no we won't, and we have more than just faith. "We already know enough about the mechanisms of evolutionary change to account for the large-scale changes that produce genuine novelty," according to the author.Kenneth Miller brings his full weight of knowledge and intellect against intelligent design. Adaptation of light sensitive cells (for eye development) is proven. Evolution is only a theory? No, it's fact. Intelligent design in blood clotting is disproved. But his strongest argument against intelligent design as a science is its complacency that some things cannot be explained and as such should be attributed to an intelligent interventionist that cannot be explored, or should just be accepted as a supernatural phenomenon. To Miller, this is not a science but a dead end that brings discovery of medicine, naturalism, and who we are and where we came from to a dead end. Miller adds, if so many animals were intelligently designed, how come so many became extinct? Good question! But he admits that the greatest critics of evolution are scientists themselves. The "greatest hoax perpetrated on mankind in the past 150 years" according to Ann Coulter, Darwin's theory has been tested millions of times over in order to be proven wrong.The central fear of proponents of I. D. is that humans have no purpose, structure, conscience, or higher calling if they are the same as any other creature on earth. This Miller opposes sharply with an explanation that is almost spiritual. The human being could never be recreated in its present form if we returned to the Cambrian period millions of years ago and started over again. It was developed through the perfect timing of weather, fate, replication, and adaptation that made it what it is today, the most survivable organism on earth. Therefore, it has a purpose to guard its atmosphere and protect other species from their destruction by keeping the earth with all its atoms, compounds, and cycles in harmony with a fragile environment that is man's to save or destroy alone. He quotes from the "Desiderata":Beyond a wholesome discipline,be gentle with yourself.You are a child of the universeno less than the trees and the stars;you have a right to be here.And whether or not it is clear to you,no doubt the universe is unfolding as it should.This book is a testament to the purpose of man, and a new testament to evolution.Also recommended:Coulter, Ann, "Godless: The Church of Liberalism," Regnery Press, 2006. This book is a must read that contains about five chapters on evolution, and reveals how Ann Coulter got it all wrong through misinformation and disinformation. Compare her work with this one. Just make sure you get it from the library.Humes, Edward, "Monkey Girl: Education, Religion and the Battle for America's Soul," Ecco Publishing, 2007.Reviews by "Gen. J.C. Christian, patriot." A number of them are relevant, very tongue-in-cheek, well-written, and very witty.